Manson, Neil A. (red.), 2003- God and Design. The Teleological Argument and Modern Science

Pełny spis z PDF 5–10, wraz z autorami rozdziałów i podrozdziałami. Zachowano tytuły oraz paginację publikacji; uporządkowano jedynie łamanie wierszy i zapis nazwisk. Numer w spisie nie jest numerem strony PDF.

List of illustrations — x
Notes on contributors — xi
Preface — xiv
Introduction — Neil A. Manson — 1
Classifying the design argument — 1
The resurgence of the design argument in the late twentieth century — 2
The logic of the design argument — 5
Specifying for what the Universe is designed — 11
What should we expect from a supernatural designer? — 14
The much-maligned multiverse — 17
PART I. General considerations — 24
1. The design argument — Elliott Sober — 25
What is the design argument? — 26
Clarifications — 27
Other formulations of the design argument, and their defects — 31
Three objections to the likelihood argument — 34
The relationship of the organismic design argument to Darwinism — 40
Anthropic reasoning and cosmic design arguments — 41
A prediction — 47
2. The meaning of design — John Leslie — 54
The miraculous and the natural — 56
The place of evil in a designed universe — 60
Explaining God: the Platonic approach — 62
3. The design inference: old wine in new wineskins — Robert O’Connor — 65
Introduction — 65
The distinctive strengths of LDA — 67
Empirical evidence for design — 68
The philosophic assumptions of intelligent design — 76
Conclusion — 82
4. God by design? — Jan Narveson — 88
“Natural” theology and the design argument — 88
The cosmological argument — 89
Arguments from design: telling creation from non-creation — 90
Clarifying “design” — 92
The argument from design: mechanisms — 93
Design and cosmic purpose — 94
Three examples — 97
The goodness of God and the badness of theological explanations — 100
A note on religion as a social phenomenon — 103
5. The argument to God from fine-tuning reassessed — Richard Swinburne — 106
Why a world with human bodies is likely if God exists — 108
Why a world with human bodies is unlikely if there is no God — 116
6. Perceiving design — Del Ratzsch — 125
Background: Reid — 126
Reid and design — 128
Assessment — 132
Implications — 137
Some prospects — 138
PART II. Physical cosmology — 146
7. The appearance of design in physics and cosmology — Paul Davies — 147
8. Design and the anthropic fine-tuning of the Universe — William Lane Craig — 155
Introduction — 155
Examples of wider teleology — 155
The inference to design — 161
The design argument examined — 165
Conclusion — 175
9. Evidence for fine-tuning — Robin Collins — 178
Introduction — 178
Definition of and criteria for fine-tuning — 179
Six solid cases of fine-tuning — 180
Conclusion — 190
Appendix: seriously problematic claims in the literature — 191
10. Probabilities and the fine-tuning argument: a sceptical view — Timothy McGrew, Lydia McGrew, and Eric Vestrup — 200
The structure of the argument — 201
The normalizability problem — 203
Rescues and replies — 204
PART III. Multiple universes — 209
11. Other universes: a scientific perspective — Martin Rees — 210
Many “universes”? — 210
A special recipe? — 211
Three interpretations of the apparent “tuning” — 211
Are questions about other universes part of science? — 213
Scenarios for a multiverse — 215
Universal laws, or mere bylaws? — 217
Testing multiverse theories here and now — 218
12. Too many universes — D. H. Mellor — 221
Universes and the multiverse — 221
Existence, location, and ultimate explanations — 222
Explanations and probabilities — 223
A prerequisite of chances — 225
An improbable argument — 225
Facing the firing squad — 226
13. Fine-tuning and multiple universes — Roger White — 229
Introduction — 229
Probabilistic confirmation — 230
Our universe versus some universe — 233
Carter’s hypothesis — 234
The observational selection effect — 235
Improbable and surprising events — 238
Leslie’s shooting analogy — 240
Conclusion — 242
Postscript — 243
14. The chance of the gaps — William Dembski — 251
Probabilistic resources — 251
Universal probability bounds — 253
The inflationary fallacy — 255
Four widely discussed inflatons — 257
Explanatory power and independent evidence — 260
Arthur Rubinstein—consummate pianist or lucky poseur? — 263
Independent evidence for a designer — 265
Closing off quantum loopholes — 268
PART IV. Biology — 275
15. The modern intelligent design hypothesis: breaking rules — Michael Behe — 276
Differences from Paley — 276
Darwinism and design — 278
An “evolved” operon — 281
Blood clotting — 285
Falsifiability — 287
16. Answering the biochemical argument from design — Kenneth R. Miller — 291
An exceptional claim — 292
Mr Darwin’s workshop — 294
Getting to the heart of the matter — 297
Whips and syringes — 297
Disproving design — 299
Caught in the mousetrap — 302
Breaking the chain — 302
Paley’s ghost — 304
17. Modern biologists and the argument from design — Michael Ruse — 307
Intelligent design — 308
The explanatory filter — 310
Intelligent design criticized — 314
Explanatory filters — 317
The blind watchmaker — 318
Pain — 320
Redundancy? — 324
Conclusion — 325
18. The paradoxes of evolution: inevitable humans in a lonely universe? — Simon Conway Morris — 328
What is best? — 329
Hallmarks of creation? — 331
What is inevitable? — 333
Focusing on convergence — 335
Converging brains? — 337
Rare Earth? — 339
Inevitably lonely? — 342
19. The compatibility of Darwinism and design — Peter van Inwagen — 347
Index — 363